From Mauna Kea to Haleakala

Aloha from Maui, once again! The Project ISLE group took an inter-island flight one island over on Tuesday, and we are enjoying a much needed break from the cold weather that comes with high altitudes. Before we left, however, we took a trip up the world's tallest mountain. Mount Everest is the highest mountain with the greatest elevation, but it sits on a thick continental plate. Mauna Kea is considered the world's tallest mountain when measured from the base, which is at the bottom of the ocean. Anyway, there are plants and animals up here that are found no where else in the world. Like the above Silversword. This iridescent silver plant blooms once every 50 years and is on the endangered species list (yes, plants can be on there too!!) I took this picture near the visitor's center, which is at 9,000 feet.
While at the visitor's center, I saw a big looming cloud in the distance and thought I heard thunder. When I asked about it, several people thought it was just the trucks on the road up the mountain. Well, come to find out, it was thunder snow! Mauna Kea is Hawaiian for "white mountain" and it snows up here several times a year. We were lucky enough to be there on a day when it snowed in JUNE (pretty rare)! Here's the view out of the windshield of our four wheel drive van ascending to 14,000 feet.
They do some intense astronomical research up there. WAY over my head.
This is the Subaru Telescope, which has nothing to do with the car company. This telescope is funded completely by the Japanese and costs about $100,000 a day to run. The main mirror of this telescope weighs 22 tons, took 3 years to make, and an additional 4 years to polish. It takes an entire month to clean it, which they do every 3-4 years. I think they said the mirror was 30 feet across. I guess I don't know very much about astronomy because my naive brain pictured a HUGE telescope with a little eyepiece somewhere at the bottom of it. These fancy telescopes are controlled entirely by computers and most of the scientists using them aren't even in the building when they use it!
A small group of us braved the thin air and hiked out to one of the world's only permafrost fed lakes. This altitude has only about half the oxygen that sea level has, so we were huffing and puffing the whole way here.
Back down at the visitor's center, Steve O'Meara (world renowned volcanologist and astronomer) showed us a few things with his own telescope. It was really dark, so I played around with my camera settings :)
Mike, one of the ISLE participants was nice enough to stand still for a really long time so I could get this cool shot.
Now to Maui. Yesterday was our first full day, and we traveled around hearing various speakers. Here are two ISLE participants at the Maui Humpback Whale Marine Sanctuary with their newest creations. The education specialists at the sanctuary gave our teachers a bunch of great ideas to take back to their classrooms!
This morning's sunrise. Camp Olowalu is right on the beach, and our little A-frame cabins have screen windows only. I listen to the waves crashing on the beach all night and wake up to birds chirping in the morning. So peaceful.
Here we are at another telescope on top of another volcano (Haleakala). However, this telescope focuses on learning about the sun. It's the biggest solar telescope in the world. There are several other telescopes at the top of Haleakala including one that has the largest (published) camera with 1.3 giga pixels and another Air Force telescope that specializes in detecting attack satellites. Apparently there are people out there (terrorists?) who may not be able to shoot their own billion dollar satellite into space, but can shoot up another small one with missiles designed to blow up another country's billion dollar satellite and cause a major disruption in communication. Interesting stuff.

Here we are down at the Haleakala visitor's center. It was SO WINDY, but we had a lot of fun. The next several days here on Maui will focus on snorkeling, island ecology, and marine issues. My underwater camera is 35mm, so it'll be a while until I can post those pictures. Should be fun!

Dozing Sea Turtles on the Black Sand Beach

We only have a few more days on the Big Island before the transition day to Maui, and we have had some incredible experiences, such as the one above taken at the Kilauea Caldera. However, of all the amazing things we've seen, yesterday seems to take the cake in my mind. We left Kilauea Military Camp early on Saturday to head to Punalu'u Black Sand Beach. True black sand beaches only form when lava flows directly into the ocean. The lava cools so rapidly that it splatters and sizzles forming tiny bits of lava (sand). While this is very cool in and of itself, the visitors to the beach are what really make this place incredible. Punalu'u is the only beach in the world (to my knowledge) where sea turtles come out of the water by their own free will to bask in the sun on the beach. Sea turtles are large, heavy animals that are graceful and free-flowing in the ocean, but clumsy and VERY slow moving on land. Over time, most sea turtles around the world "learned" not to go out of the water where they wouldn't be able to get away from predators quickly and easily. However, since Hawaii is the most remote land mass in the world, there are no predators other than humans. The only native animals that live on the land here are birds, insects and other invertebrates. While scientists don't know exactly why sea turtles come up to lounge around on Punalu'u beach, my hunch is that they somehow "know" it's safe to come out of the water here.

There are pretty strict regulations in place to protect the sea turtles. Here's our guide discussing the reasons why we have to stay 15 feet away from the turtles at all times.




We also went on a few amazing hikes over the past few days. The picture below was taken on a one mile hike through a bird sanctuary.




This picture was taken at the Kilauea Iki trail that runs through an old lava lake (4 miles.)



I'm really looking forward to tomorrow. We're going up to the Astronomical Observatory on the top of Mauna Kea (one of the five volcanoes on this island.) We'll stay up there to watch the sunset from above the cloud line. Lots of pictures to follow!

Teachers on the Big Island

Our Project ISLE teachers arrived on Tuesday June 7th, so we are now in our fourth day of Project ISLE. My original plan to post every day has (obviously) not worked out like I wanted, but here are a few things that have happened over the past few days.

First, check out this amazing sunrise I saw the morning of the 7th a few hours before the teachers arrived

Our first activity was a hike to the steam vents in Volcano National Park. We have SUCH a GREAT group of teachers here!
Our first full day began with a Hawaiian cultural experience with students from a local Hula school. They taught us the significance of leis and lei-making, what the movements in Hula mean, and the meaning of the whole process to the Hawaiian culture (NOT just a dance!) We then made our own leis. Check out mine below. The leis worn on the head are supposed to be parallel to the Earth to signify that we are not higher than or lower than the Earth, but a part of it.

The Big Island also has some amazing Astronomical research facilities. Here is my major professor and I at a planetarium show.

Lastly, the coolest thing we've seen has been the LAVA! There are no active lava flows at this time, but here you can see the lava from a deep lava lake reflecting off the ash and steam of the Halemau'ma'u Crater.

Good morning from the Big Island

In preparation for the teachers' arrival, we are running around, meeting with potential speakers, and scouting out our activity locations, such as the above picture taken from inside a lava tube. Yesterday we said goodbye to Maui and flew to the Big Island. When the teachers arrive for Project ISLE on Tuesday, we’ll stay in Volcano National Park. Until then, some of the co-directors are enjoying a cottage in the middle of the Hawaiian rainforest. The sounds of the forest are incredible, especially at night. Check out the clip below taken just before sunrise from my bedroom porch:



Apparently, these tiny Coqui frogs just arrived about a decade ago, and they’ve run wild on this side of the island. They croak all night long, and most of the locals absolutely hate them. If invasive, they may be outcompeting another native frog species (if there is one). But as far as the sound goes, I like them. They sound to me like the “frog” setting on our sound machine at home :)

Another thing I’m enjoying is the FOOD. I know Hawaii isn’t a foreign country, but it really feels like one a lot of the time. On Friday I had “poke” (pronounced POH-kay), for the first time. Poke is a delicious, traditional Hawaiian dish made from sashimi-grade (i.e. uncooked) marinated Ahi tuna. It looks sort of like a tomato salad. I also tried a lichee fruit for the first time. We ate dinner at a local’s house on Friday night, and I picked up a lichee and asked if it was a fungus (because that’s what it looked like.) They are about the size of a golf ball, and have a hard, dark brown, bumpy shell. When peeled, they look and feel kinda like an eyeball, but they taste the way a Gardenia flower smells. Incredible. Last night I had this fabulous dish during my first Vietnamese dinner experience:




This is “Ban” a Vietnamese barbecue chicken dish (SPICY!) with sliced spring rolls over long noodles, over a romaine and mint salad, with a tart side sauce (yes, all at the same time). I LOVED it.

Today is our first full day on the Big Island, so we’re going to do a lot of running around to acquaint me with this massive island. All the other Hawaiian Islands could easily fit inside this island (with room to spare). By the way, now that the sun has come up, check out how the sounds have changed:

Aloha!

After 21 hours of travel and airports, airports, and more airports, I am finally beginning my first full day in Hawaii. If you’re looking at the number 21 in the last sentence and thinking “Oh how miserable,” then stop yourself right there. I left the house at 7 in the morning and laid my head down at the Upcountry Bed and Breakfast at around 4 EST, but every minute of the trip was worth it. There is something about Hawaii that just grabs you by the heart strings, dives into your soul, and makes you fall in love with it. For example, this is my view from the adorable bed and breakfast where I’m staying:




It’s at about 3000 feet above sea level, and I’ve been told that you can see whales in the bay if you’re lucky :)

Anyway, today is going to be a busy day. This is the start of our “prep week” in which we get everything ready for the teachers who arrive June 7th. We (well, I) are going to be driving around the island and visiting the sites of the various activities. Len, my colleague who co-authored the grant with me, lived on Maui for a number of years and ran Project ISLE as a business for a while, so he knows the island. On the other hand, I need to figure out where everything is, so I’m driving today. We’ll also be going to Costco (yes, there are Costco’s on Hawaii! My favorite place! I might never come home…) to finalize our meal plan for Maui. We have a cafeteria at KMC, but we’re our own chefs at Camp Olowalu, which will be fun :)

More to come later! Mahalo

Back to the Bahamas...Next stop, Hawaii!!

Outside, the pollen is flying and temperatures are beginning to soar, so it’s time to get out the suitcase and get ready for travel blog season! I'm looking forward to being "on the road again" because this year has been extraordinarily busy for me. I've finished my main doctoral coursework, completed my comprehensive exams, worked as a marine science graduate teaching assistant, and did other things like the subjects of today’s post: a wedding in the Bahamas, an environmental conference, and writing (and receiving) a grant that will send me to Hawaii!

First, though, a big “CONGRATULATIONS” to my brother and (new) sister-in-law who got married in March! They got married on a cruise ship that took us Freeport and Nassau. The wedding was beautiful, and we had so much fun with the whole family together. I even managed to wake up early for a spectacular sunrise on the first full day of the cruise. However, once I got home, my supervisor spent about 20 minutes of a meeting one week going on and on about how awful cruise ships were for the marine environment. Afterward, I did a little research and found this NOAA website and this EPA website about cruise ship impacts.




Apparently, once the cruise ships are on the “high seas” outside of any nation’s exclusive economic zone, they are not under strict environmental dumping laws, so a lot of the waste from the ship gets pumped out in the water. I know the cruise lines would probably say that the waste is just a “drop in the bucket” since the oceans are so massive. But the cruising industry is expanding so rapidly, so I doubt that claim will hold true for long.

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Some estimates say that the average American produces 4.4 pounds of garbage, 350 grams of stool, and generates 265 liters of gray water (waste water from washing dishes, showering, etc.) each day. If you’re on a 3,000 person cruise ship, how much waste is potentially being pumped in the ocean over a three day cruise? Check out this metric website for conversions.

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On another aquatic environmental note, I learned some things about freshwater pollution that I never knew were problems at the most recent Environmental Education Alliance conference. For example, did you know that the exact same thing that happens in your arteries when you eat fatty foods can happen in the drain pipes leading out of your house??? When you rinse off your plates, pots, and pans after making a meal, all the fats found in the food you’re washing off can build up, a little at a time, in the sewer lines. This can cause complete blockages in the pipes, which can cause man-holes to overflow into streams. Check out this F.O.G. You Tube video of FOG from New Zealand. It's an excellent explanation of the issue (with a slightly hilarious New Zealand-er twist.) Also, cleaning up the blockages is a HUGE waste of taxpayer money and completely preventable. So wipe out that residue left in your ice-cream bowl with a paper towel before putting it in the dishwasher! By the way, I also learned at the EEA conference that the same goes for pharmaceuticals: Check out this e-article called "Fish on Drugs" to see what happens to fish populations when you flush drugs down the drain. Here's some more official information: EPA on Pharmaceuticals in water

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We take a lot of things for granted with our waste. Make a list of ALL the things that go down the drain in your house on a typical day. What could be some possible effects of these things? What steps can you take to lower the amount of gray water?
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One of the last sessions I attended at the EEA conference was called “A Smorgasbord of Web-Based Tools for EE,” and I had to share these two websites for all the teachers following my blog. Here is powerpoint for the session , and a list of helpful websites. They had some incredible suggestions!

On a completely different (and much more positive) note: I’m headed to Hawaii! Last fall, a colleague and I wrote an Improving Teacher Quality grant for a program known as Project ISLE: Integrated Science Learning Experiences. Since then, Project ISLE has been funded, we’ve recruited a dozen teachers, and we’re busy planning an incredible science learning experience. The teachers will spend one week at the Kilauea Military Camp in Volcano National Park on Hawaii’s Big Island (June 7-14). While there, we will study volcanology, astronomy, and a little marine biology and conservation. Next, we’ll take a short flight to Maui where the teachers will stay at Camp Olowalu and study island ecology, marine biology, and marine conservation (June 14-21). Both locations have WiFi access, so I will try and post about my adventures each day. We’re headed out a week early to get ready for the teachers, so you can expect updates starting June 2nd!

Also coming up, in July I’ll be an intern for an Environmental Education course that goes on field trips to places like recycling centers and organic farms, so I’ll be sure to bring my camera! After that, I will be officially ABD (which stands for All But the Dissertation)! I think my husband might be counting down the days... :)

Snowed in! (This is Georgia??)

Hello! Long time, no post! Anyone who’s completed a graduate degree will tell you that spare time is a rare commodity, and last semester was no exception! However, due to the great feedback I received from my former students, one of my New Year’s resolutions is to post more frequently. Also, being SNOWED IN provides a lot of free time, so I thought today was a perfect day to start!

North Georgia received between 6-8 inches of snow over the past few days, which means that the entire city of Atlanta has shut down. According to local news, Atlanta has only 11 salt trucks. I guess it doesn’t make financial sense to have extensive winter weather traffic equipment since Atlanta usually only gets one or two snowfalls a year. However, that means that the slightest accumulation of snow=stay home! Check out this picture of the street in front of our house...Well, I guess you'll have to take my word for it that there's a street under there!



Question: How does this snowfall compare to the norm for North Georgia? The Atlanta metro area spans over 7,000 square miles. How many salt trucks do you think it would take to keep the roads clear during a major snow/ice storm?
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Here in the Linsky household, we’re making the best of it. For example, Roman, (a.k.a. the best dog ever) LOVES the snow. He is constantly sitting by the door asking to go out, so he and I took a little hike today.




Question: How does your dog react to snow? Based on Roman’s characteristics and your knowledge of selective breeding, what do you think Bernese Mountain Dogs were bread for? (Hint: they used to be known as “the poor man’s horse.”)
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We were not the first to go hiking in the woods by our house, but according to the tracks we saw, we were the first human and dog. Since we couldn’t see where the path was, we decided to follow a deer trail.

Question: What tracks have you seen around your house? Use this track identification website to help you find out. Why do you think those animals were there?



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Along the way, we didn’t see any deer (or any other animals for that matter), but we did see plenty of lichen and fungi, some of which were really pretty.



Question:Why do you think lichen and fungi seem to thrive in the snow while snow and maples lose their leaves?



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At the end of a deer trail we came across these ovals in the snow under the brush of a Chinese Privet. At first I thought they were just random mud puddles, but then I realized that this is probably where the deer slept last night.



Question: Besides their fur coat, what other adaptations (behavioral and physical) do White Tail Deer have to stay warm on freezing winter nights? (Hint, look at the shape and location of the spots…)
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An end to the summer in New York

I can't believe how fast this summer FLEW by. It seems like the last day of school was just yesterday! I guess that's what happens when you go on five trips in two months. I ended the summer just relaxing with family in the Adirondack Mountains of New York. We spent a week hiking, reading, cooking, swimming in icy cold water, playing games, and enjoying the cool mountain air...Well, maybe "cool" is an understatement--it was downright COLD at night and many times throughout the day. Anyway, the experience was a very nice change of pace from our busy lives. Our cabin was built in 1910, and it didn't have a TV, a phone, AC, or any of the other luxuries we tend to consider "necessities" down south. Necessities or not, it was nice to be unplugged for a week. Here are two pics of me hiking and one of a little brownish red squirrel the size of a chipmunk. The squirrels up there are so much cuter than the grey ones we have...They're also really really LOUD. I didn't know such a small animal could make such a loud noise.




So, I'm sad to say that my summer adventures have come to a close, but my new adventure at UGA has just begun. My school started just yesterday with a great first class. I also have three more classes today, another on Thursday, and prep session for the labs I'm teaching on Friday. I start teaching three sections of the labs for MARS 1010, Introduction to Oceanography, beginning next week. So students sign up for MARS 1010, go to the lectures three times a week, and then come to me for the lab portion of the class. I'm excited about teaching college kids, but I already miss my amazing seventh graders from last year--Going from 12 year olds to undergrads is a big jump! I really hope all my old students will keep in touch!

Several of you have asked whether I'll keep my blog going. Even though I'm not traveling as much, I'd like to keep posting anything interesting I see. I love taking pictures and love sharing them with my former students, friends, and family even more! Also, I do have two more trips planned. At the end of September I'm headed back up to New York to see a good friend's wedding, and in March I'm headed out on a CRUISE for a destination wedding (woohoo!) So check back for those and other around campus updates. Also, if you think of something else you'd like to see on here, please let me know! On that note, for those of you who read all summer--thank you!! Which was your favorite?? I'd love to know what you all think.

Take care, and check back soon!
Love,
Lindsay

SO much has happened!

So much has happened since I posted last!! It's hard to decide which pictures to post! Check these out... On my last Sapelo day we went seining for fish. That's when you take a giant net and stretch it out into the ocean off the beach, then turn around and come back to see what you caught. You can see the other group in the deep end through the ropes of this group. The net was 300 feet long! Found a puffer! It didn't like being picked up so much, so it puffed up with air (and floated when we put him back in the water.) I've now started my fourth trip, on St. Catherine's Island (which is AMAZING!) I'm doing a sea turtle conservation internship helping to save these little guys. This is a Loggerhead hatchling that was a "straggler" in the bottom of a nest. We dug them out and pointed them toward the ocean. Incredible. This has been my view for the past few days: from a John Deer Gator. They are SUPER fun to drive. Here we are going up a pretty steep hill. We got trapped on the beach because of high tide. Here's another one of me and a baby turtle. Adorable. St. Catherine's has a partnership with the New York Zoological Society, so there are all kinds of amazing exotic animals on the island. Here is a member of one of the Ring Tailed Lemurs that wander around. Apparently, there are six different troops! They really loved our Gators. They would lick the salt from the ocean off the sides and look in the glove boxes for food. I had to snatch a bag of peanut M&M's from one of them. We're releasing the babies tonight at 8:30, so check back for another video soon. Hatchlings almost always emerge at night when there are fewer birds to gobble them up.

The Skidaway Institute of Oceanography

It is so good to be back on the Georgia coast! I absolutely love it down here--I love the marshes, the wildlife, and being surrounded by some of the most knowledgeable coastal ecology professors and scientists in the world. Here at the Skidaway Institute of Oceanography, you can pick up a shell on the beach, walk over to a prof and here its scientific name, ecological niche, and natural history. It's science nerd heaven!

Anyway, we've had a great couple of days. This picture was taken on our way out to Wassaw Island, which is a National Wildlife Refuge. This dolphin swam right up to our boat looking for handouts. Our professor said that there are more and more "Beggar Dolphins" in the water these days because of people tossing them one of their freshly caught fish or what have you. However, while it might be fun to see wild dolphin up close, when they get into the habit of swimming close to boats they also have a much higher risk of being hit by propellers. That's why the state will fine boat captains $20,000, seize their boats, and revoke their boating licence if caught feeding these adorable creatures. No thank you.


During our backstage tour or the UGA Marine Extension Aquarium, Lisa and I got an up close view of Eddie the 3 year old Loggerhead Sea Turtle. Thinking that he was about to get fed, he swam right up to the edge of the tank with his mouth open wide. I had to take several pictures of my friend and Davis colleague, Lisa, here. Her image kept coming out blurry due to her jumping up and down in excitement. :) I love hanging out with fellow science nerds.



My turn! No, Eddie, my fingers are not food. He could easily snap one off with that beak designed to crack open clam shells.



So here we are on Wassaw Island. Way back in 1898, the US government built this Gun Battery on the island because of the Spanish American War. Believe it or not, this little fort was built 600 feet inland behind the dunes! Rising sea levels have buried most of it in sand, and the top of it is under water at high tide.

Did anyone ask for evidence of climate change? Well, here you go.



Here's some more. A knot from a dead oak tree that once stood in the middle of a maritime forest (that's now on the beach).



I forgot to mention our purpose for going to Wassaw. We went with a Skidaway scientist to map the north end of the island using this fancy GPS/GIS thingy. As we walked the "wet-dry" line on the beach, this contraption sent a signal to a satellite about ever second or so. Apparently, it's accurate down to 40 centimeters (much better than your average car GPS!)



When we got back to the institute, we overlaid the data we took on top of an older aerial photo of the north end of the island and compared that with previous years. Our line is the pink one and the other two lines are from 2006 and 2001 (I think.) You can really see how much the island moved! People forget that barrier islands are really just giant mounds of sand, so waves and storms move the sand around from place to place. This means that it's actually pretty stupid to build houses, hotels, and anything else permanent on oceanfront property on barrier islands because the beach has a really good chance of washing away eventually and leaving your house in the ocean. And don't get me started on sea walls! (Oy.)




Yesterday was our last day at Skidaway, so we took a hike through marshes out to a little hammock. A hammock is a small island surrounded by marsh that usually don't have beaches. All the hammocks we've seen around here have these dead trees along the edges because the trees can't tolerate the salty water encroaching on the hammocks. They make for cool pictures, though. :)



In a few hours we'll be taking the ferry out to one of my FAVORITE places in the whole world--Sapelo Island (sigh...) I'm convinced that there's no other place like it in the world. Most of the island is owned by the state as a wildlife refuge, and UGA has an amazing research facility there also. But possibly the most interesting part of the island are the permanent residents. The only people that live there all the time are the descendants of the slaves that worked the island plantations WAY back before the civil war. The government deeded the land to the freed slaves, and most of their families never left. The relative isolation has preserved their Gullah/Geechee cultural heritage (or at least way more than anywhere else.) Fascinating.